{"id":48677,"date":"2026-01-06T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/?p=48677"},"modified":"2026-09-14T10:03:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T08:03:39","slug":"addictions-and-brain-cognitive-impact-and-approach-from-neuropsychology-and-neurorrehabilitation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/neuroscience\/neuropsychology\/addictions-and-brain-cognitive-impact-and-approach-from-neuropsychology-and-neurorrehabilitation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-xl-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a NeuronUP\u060c <strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/tag\/adicciones\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/a><strong>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643. \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Gould (2010) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0627 Surgeon General&#8217;s Report (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (TUS)\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a <strong>\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2025).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 (Gould, 2010).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong>. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d George \u0648Koob (2017)\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0636\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 (Surgeon General\u2019s Report, 2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c <strong>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/neuroscience\/neuropsychology\/the-concept-of-addiction-and-the-brain-reward-system\/\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b <strong>\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a (Surgeon General\u2019s Report). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 George \u0648Koob (2017) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c <strong>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0641 Perry \u0648Lawrence (2017)\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/strong> (Gould, 2010; Perry y Lawrence, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629\/\">\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong>. \u0641\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0641 George \u0648Koob (2017)\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0639\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629. <strong>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641.<\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a (Verdejo-Garc\u00eda et al., 2019). \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f <strong>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/strong> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a (Gould, 2010).<strong> \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u00ab\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u00bb \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 Perry \u0648Lawrence (2017) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u0641\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 (George y Koob, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0640<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/strong> \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a (Perry y Lawrence, 2017; Sampedro-Piquero et al., 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c (\u0623\u0648 dual disorder)\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f Szerman et al. (2022) \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/cognitive-stimulation-news\/the-impact-of-neurorehabilitation-on-mental-health-a-comprehensive-approach-to-cognitive-and-emotional-wellbeing\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<aside class=\"wp-block-group br-0111 has-primary-background-color has-background has-dark-background has-sm-padding-top has-sm-padding-left has-sm-padding-right has-xxl-margin-top\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full desktop-position-absolute desktop-bottom-0 mobile-width-50 mobile-m-inline-auto has-xl-margin-top\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"292\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shahadat-al-muntaj.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31568\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shahadat-al-muntaj-259x300.webp 259w, https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shahadat-al-muntaj.webp 292w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 292px) 100vw, 292px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-white-color has-text-color\"><strong>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/strong> <br>\u0641\u064a <br>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button--1\" style=\"--button-outline-color:var(--color-white);--button-outline-color-hover:rgba(0,0,0,0.8);\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button button-outline   wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/newsletter\/\">\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/aside>\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 <strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 Surgeon General\u2019s Report (2016)\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Semaan \u0648Khan (2025)\u060c <strong>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0646 <\/strong>\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\/\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/strong> \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/neuronup-assessment\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/a><\/strong> (Verdejo-Garc\u00eda et al., 2019). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Gould, 2010). \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 <\/a>\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 (Perry y Lawrence, 2017). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 (George y Koob, 2017). \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 <strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Surgeon General\u2019s Report (2016). \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 Perry y Lawrence (2017)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0647\u0627<\/strong>. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Verdejo-Garc\u00eda et al. (2019) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f Perry y Lawrence (2017) \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d <strong>\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/strong> \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<aside class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center br-0111 particle-bg p-5 has-primary-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-white-color has-text-color\">\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 NeuronUP \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 7 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\" style=\"--button-background:var(--color-custom-1);--button-background-hover:#cc7e00;\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button   wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/neuronup.com\/ar\/landing-store-user\/\">\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/aside>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064d \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">George, O., &amp; Koob, G. F. (2017). Individual differences in the neuropsychopathology of addiction. <em>Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 19<\/em>(3), 217\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31887\/DCNS.2017.19.3\/gkoob<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Gould, T. J. (2010). Addiction and cognition. <em>Addiction Science &amp; Clinical Practice, 5<\/em>(2), 4\u201314.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Hermens, D. F., &amp; Lubman, D. I. (2018). The impact of substance use on adolescent brain development. <em>Evidence-based Mental Health, 21<\/em>, 61\u201363.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Mayo Clinic Staff. (2025). Drug addiction (substance use disorder). Mayo Clinic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Perry, C. J., &amp; Lawrence, A. J. (2017). Addiction, cognitive decline and therapy. <em>Genes, Brain and Behavior, 16<\/em>, 205\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gbb.12325<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Restrepo, S., Rinc\u00f3n, D., &amp; Sep\u00falveda, E. (2020). Cognitive training for the treatment of addictions mediated by ICT. <em>Future Internet, 12<\/em>(38).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Sampedro-Piquero, P., et al. (2019). Impact of addiction on cognition and brain plasticity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Semaan, M., &amp; Khan, R. (2025). Advances in addiction care.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Surgeon General\u2019s Report. (2016). Facing addiction in America: The neurobiology of substance use.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Szerman, N., Torrens, M., Maldonado, R., et al. (2022). Addictive and other mental disorders. <em>Translational Psychiatry, 12<\/em>(446).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-sm-font-size\">Verdejo-Garc\u00eda, A., Garcia-Fernandez, G., &amp; Dom, G. (2019). Cognition and addiction. <em>Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 21<\/em>(3), 281\u2013290.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:70px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group p-4 br-0111 has-alt-background-color has-background has-light-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"true\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" id=\"trabajarneuronup\"><h3 id=\"at-474670\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (TUS)\u061f<\/h3><div id=\"ac-474670\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (TUS) \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"true\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" id=\"trabajarneuronup\"><h3 id=\"at-474671\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u061f <\/h3><div id=\"ac-474671\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"true\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" id=\"videosneuronup\"><h3 id=\"at-474672\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">3. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h3><div id=\"ac-474672\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"true\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" id=\"formaciongratuita\"><h3 id=\"at-474673\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">4. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h3><div id=\"ac-474673\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"true\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" id=\"formaciongratuita\"><h3 id=\"at-474674\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">5. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h3><div id=\"ac-474674\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-pb-accordion-item c-accordion__item js-accordion-item no-js\" data-initially-open=\"false\" data-click-to-close=\"true\" data-auto-close=\"true\" data-scroll=\"false\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" id=\"formaciongratuita\"><h3 id=\"at-474675\" class=\"c-accordion__title js-accordion-controller\" role=\"button\">6. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h3><div id=\"ac-474675\" class=\"c-accordion__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0628\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 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